![]() The panellists thereby discussed the inclusion of new hallmarks to the current list ( Figure 1), based on new evidence underpinning their role in the ageing process. The panellists emphasised that only taking a limited number of defined hallmarks into account might also halt progress on processes relevant to ageing but not currently defined as hallmarks. ![]() Understanding the mechanisms of the ageing process will therefore be pivotal to treat the root cause of multiple age-related diseases. It was highlighted that increasing average lifespan over the last decades is one of the most remarkable human accomplishments, but that this success has led to a different, challenging problem, namely the ever-increasing number of chronically ill patients suffering from age-related diseases, and the resulting toll on individuals and society. The panel stressed the importance of progress in the field, as ageing is the primary risk factor of many major human diseases. Bohr (National Institute of Ageing), Lynne Cox (University of Oxford), Thomas Kirkwood (Newcastle University), Jean-Marc Egly (Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), Patricia Opresko (University of Pittsburgh), Erik Verdin (Buck Institute for Research on Ageing) and selected short talks from young and senior researchers, and ended with a panel discussion with some of the key speakers of the event. The symposium contained presentations from the keynote speakers Professors Yosef Shiloh (Tel Aviv University), Vilhelm A. This included the discussion of new advances and the future of the field of ageing research. To address this and to explore potential new hallmarks, a research symposium “New Hallmarks of Ageing” was held in Copenhagen (Denmark) on the 22nd of March 2022, focusing on novel findings and the recontextualization of the nine hallmarks of ageing. Importantly though, they have recently been shown to map to age-related diseases. Recently, these hallmarks have been criticized for being insufficient in serving as a causative paradigm of ageing. These hallmarks comprise: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient-sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication. The definition of nine cellular and molecular hallmarks of ageing by López-Otín and colleagues in 2013 provided a contextual framework to guide future ageing research.
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